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Please note: the information in the course manual is binding.
After completion of the course, the student is able to:
- describe, interpret, and critically reflect the mutual relation between sustainability and health, focusing on present-day sustainable healthcare topics and taking the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into account;
- analyze the current deficits in the innovation system of medicines and medical technology development;
- analyze potential solution directions to the weaknesses in the current health innovation system;
- evaluate conditions for sustainable drug development.
- integrate reforms of various sub-systems in medical technology development;
- design an alternative business model for sustainable medical technology development.
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- Health and sustainability, health and climate change, health and development, international health policy, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs);
- Rise and fall of the pharmaceutical industry;
- Marketing of drugs and medical technology (marketing to professionals, direct and indirect marketing to consumers);
- Regulation of drugs, diagnostics and medical technology, e.g. market authorization, reimbursement, pharmacovigilance, professional guidelines, specific regulation for e.g. orphan drugs and WHO essential drugs;
- Patents, IP issues and drugs/diagnostics/medical technology; patents and innovation, patents as strategic tool, patents and ethics, equal access to medicines;
- The role of the academic world in drugs/medical technology development: commercialization of science, open access developments;
- The relevance of animal studies in drugs/medical technology development;
- Access to drugs, vaccines and diagnostics;
- Health & equity; health & ethics aspects.
The students write individual very short papers in which they critically reflect on these various subthemes of the course, developing their own substantiated argumentation line about the topic. Groups of 2 students pick a paper theme which they will study in depth. In week 2 students start reading about the problem area, the possible technological solutions and the relation to sustainability and health in general, and they develop a brief work plan for their paper. This workplan will be discussed with their supervisors. During week 4-8 students transform their work plan in a draft paper based on insights from literature and guest-lectures. During weekly tutorials parts of the paper will be discussed and students will give peer-feedback on each other’s draft. Results of the paper project will be presented in an expert workshop in week 8. By the end of week 9 the final paper has to be finished, based on comments from the expert panel and the supervisor on the draft version. In week 9 there is also a written exam.
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Je moet voldoen aan de volgende eisen- Minimaal 90 ECTS in de Bachelor behaald
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Voorkennis| Both knowledge on biology, chemistry and medicines to understand the natural science aspect , and on innovation theories, innovation systems, institutions and social networks to understand the challenges and solutions of medicines and medical technology development for achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Wellbeing) are discussed during the lectures. |
Voorkennis kan worden opgedaan met| Knowledge of courses such as ‘Ziekte & Medicijnen‘ (GEO2-2215) and ‘Innovation Systems’ (GEO2-2208/GEO1-2208) are highly recommended. |
Bronnen van zelfstudieA suggestion for additional literature on drug development is: Hill, R.G. & Rang H.P. (2012) Drug Discovery and Development: Technology in Transition. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier.
Additional literature on innovation theory is:
1) Hekkert, M.P. et al. (2007). Functions of innovation systems. Technological Forecasting & Social Change 74: 413 – 432.
2) Moors, E.H.M. & J. Faber (2007). Orphan Drugs. Research Policy 36: 336–354. |
| | Verplicht materiaalArtikelen| Blackboard reader of about 30-40 publications concerning various course topics. |
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(Guest)lectures
AlgemeenIn week 1-8 of the course lectures and guest lectures will be given by the instructors and experts about the relation between sustainability and health, the various challenges in drugs and medical technology development,, and potential solution directions and alternative models for sustainable medical technology development. The subthemes mentioned in the Content will be discussed in depth.
Voorbereiding bijeenkomstenFor every class session the papers in the Blackboard reader related to the particular topic of that class need to be read and prepared (see topics mentioned on the left).
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AlgemeenDuring the tutorials with the supervisor, the students can discuss the progress of their paper and obtain peer-feedback on draft versions.
Bijdrage aan groepswerkPaper project is the only group project (groups of 2 students), in which each student has an equal part.
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Eindresultaat| Weging | | 100 |
| Minimum cijfer | | - |
BeoordelingWritten exam, Essays, Presentation joint paper results in expert workshop; Final joint paper.
Aspecten van academische vorming| • Academisch denken, werken en handelen • Synthetiseren en structureren van informatie • Gestructureerd beoordelen van activiteiten en prestaties (van anderen en van zichzelf) • Schrijven (algemeen) - diverse typen teksten plannen, schrijven, herschrijven en afwerken • Presenteren - een referaat/pleidooi voorbereiden, uitvoeren en evalueren • Samenwerken met anderen, werken in teamverband • Maatschappelijke / culturele context • Ethisch perspectief • Kennis hanteren in een bredere context • Analyseren en beoordelen van onderzoeksrapportages • Voorbereiden / opzetten van onderzoek • Materiaal / data verzamelen / produceren |
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